Madina Abdullayeva, Nazym Altynova, Saida Tokmurzina, Tamerlan Kereyev, Aigerim Kassymbekova, Yergali Kanagat, Dmitri Gourevitch, Danara Artygaliyeva, Leyla Djansugurova

Abstract: Allergic diseases represent a global health problems. According to the "Association of Allergists and Clinical Immunologists" of Kazakhstan, the number of allergy sufferers in the country increases by 10-15% every year. Microarray genotyping has been widely used in allergy diagnosis due to its high throughput capability and specificity in identifying genetic markers associated with allergic diseases. This work is aimed to study the dynamics of the incidence of allergic diseases among residents of Almaty; assess the role of environmental and genotypic risk factors; identify marker genes related to asthma and allergic rhinitis and risk assessment in case and controls among patients. The findings revealed that allergic rhinitis was the most prevalent condition (58%), followed by bronchial asthma (9%). Self-reported allergy data were often inconsistent with medical diagnoses, underscoring the importance of clinical confirmation. A family history of allergies emerged as a major risk factor, significantly outweighing the impact of smoking. Genetic analysis identified specific SNPs in the IL13 and IL12B genes that were associated with increased allergy risk. For IL13, the T allele of rs1295686, A allele of rs848, and A allele of rs20541 were identified as significant. In IL12B, the T allele of rs2853694 and CC genotype of rs2569254 were linked to higher risk.

Keywords: Allergen, Microarray genotyping, SNP, Allergic rhinitis, Asthma.

Date Published: January 23, 2025
DOI: 10.11159/ijepr.2025.001

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