Sajia S. Keya, M.S. Alam, M.N. Huda, M.M. Rahman

Abstract: This research uses the non-homogeneous dynamic mathematical model to present a numerical study on nanofluids' convective heat transfer flow in a quarter-circular-shaped enclosure. The circular arc of the enclosure is continually maintained at a low temperature, while the bottom wall is hot and the vertical wall is adiabatic. An angled periodic magnetic field permeates the cavity and is affected by gravity. The Galerkin finite element approach solves the governing complex nonlinear equations to comprehend nanofluids' flow dynamics, temperature distribution, and concentration levels. The impact of the input model parameters on the output response function (mean Nu) is determined through response surface methodology. The results indicate that the external magnetic field and its orientation significantly impact the flow pattern of nanofluid. The Nusselt number substantially increases with the higher nanoparticle volume fraction, magnetic field period, inclination angle, and a higher Rayleigh number. The mean Nu value of the Fe3O4-kerosene nanofluid is considerably higher than that of the other five nanofluids analyzed in this study. Significantly, the Co-kerosene nanofluid demonstrates a superior average Nu to the other five nanofluid kinds. Specifically, the heat transfer augmentation rates for kerosene-based nanofluids, namely, Fe3O4, ZnO, and Co, are 1278.1%, 1001.8%, and 1258.7%, respectively, when compared to the corresponding base fluids, for a nanoparticle volume fraction of 5%. Conversely, the heat transfer rates are 449.4%, 470.2%, and 492.6% for H2O-based similar nanofluids. These remarkable findings encourage the practical use of the studied nanofluids.

Keywords: Heat transfer; nanofluid; response surface methodology; periodic magnetic field.

Date Published: August 8, 2024
DOI: 10.11159/jffhmt.2024.022

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